AcaWiki - User contributions [en]

AcaWiki:FAQ

2011-07-05T15:05:19Z

Reid: /* Who is running this project? */ I'm still interested but feel I haven't been doing enough to be listed here

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==What does AcaWiki offer?==

===What does AcaWiki offer to academic researchers?===
AcaWiki offers a web 2.0 way of interacting with the public to increase impact. Research often languishes in academic journals, perhaps read only a few times by infrequent visitors. AcaWiki allows scholars to increase the impact of their research by enabling them to share summaries, long abstracts and literature reviews of their peer-reviewed work online. AcaWiki also encourages discussion by providing a talk page for each research paper.

===What does AcaWiki offer to graduate students?===

AcaWiki offers a place for students to organize summaries of seminal papers for their qualifying exams, discuss papers with others students, and collaboratively work on summaries and literature reviews to enhance their learning.

===What does AcaWiki offer to teachers?===

In many graduate schools, professors assign their students to review and summarize academic papers. By having your students post these summaries on AcaWiki they have a greater incentive to write better summaries, and also comment on their classmates summaries. AcaWiki also enables organization of summaries into subjects, or a particular class, say, psychology_101_fall_2009 by tagging them.

===What does AcaWiki offer to everyone?===

With a critical mass of content AcaWiki can be resource for scholars and the public. For the public, AcaWiki is a window into the world of academic research. Newspapers and magazines often write about research but there are few resources for the public to follow up with.

For scholars, rather than read an entire academic paper, they now can first read the AcaWiki summary, then determine if they want to read the full paper. They also may have an easier time reading across disciplines because AcaWiki summaries are designed to be more accessible.

==Can't I just go download an academic paper off the internet?==

In some cases you actually can. Some scholars put up versions of their papers online on their personal home pages, or on sites like [http://www.ssrn.com/ SSRN]. However, many scholars either do not choose to do this, or more commonly, are not allowed to. The journals that publish these papers often have fairly restrictive copyright policies and limit access to universities that pay subscription fees.

==Who contributes summaries to AcaWiki?==

AcaWiki is building a community of scholars, graduate students, and bloggers to write summaries of papers that are of the most general interest to the public. Do you read peer-reviewed academic research? You can [[Special:AddData/Summary|contribute a summary]] to Acawiki, or [[Special:AddData/Literature_Review|post a literature review]].

==What about non-peer-reviewed research?==

In general, AcaWiki is a place to host summaries of peer-reviewed research. Peer review means that a research paper is assessed by qualified peers before being published.

What about non-peer reviewed research? This requires a bit of judgment. In some disciplines scholars are more likely to write books than publish papers in peer-reviewed journals. In other disciplines, conference proceedings and preprints (e.g. [http://arxiv.org/ arXiv]) are standard parts of the scholarly literature. In these cases, it would be appropriate to publish summaries of these books, conference proceedings, and preprints on AcaWiki.

==What should I consider when posting?==

Take a look at the [[AcaWiki:Posting Guidelines|posting guidelines]]. In general, AcaWiki is a reference, and to that end we are looking for fairly objective summaries. To include some room for editorial opinions, debate, and additional though we include a "'''theoretical and practical relevance'''" section, and a comments section. Also be very careful NOT TO COPY ANYTHING VERBATIM from an academic paper - this would be a clear copyright violation. Make sure your summaries are written in your own words. Finally, consider before posting that you are licensing your summary to the world under a [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Creative Commons Attribution license]. More on the license below.

==What about copyright?==

===Posting===
Copying an academic article verbatim would be illegal. For that reason, we do not allow any direct copying or "cutting and pasting" text from academic articles on AcaWiki. However, '''ideas are not covered under copyright'''. Thus, it's perfectly legal to write an article about an academic paper. Think about the [http://nytimes.com New York Times] science section is always writing news stories about academic research. They can do this because there is no copyright in ideas, thus allowing them to freely write about new academic discoveries. We do the same thing on AcaWiki by writing summaries of academic paper for public consumption.

===Creative Commons===
When you contribute a summary to AcaWiki, you are agreeing to license your contribution under the [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Creative Commons Attribution license]. Creative Commons has become a standard way for people to say "some rights reserved" on the internet. The licenses have been adopted by prominent artists, companies, and government agencies. [http://wikipedia.org Wikipedia] uses Creative Commons licenses. With an Attribution license you keep copyright of what you post here, but allow others to use as long as they give Attribution. In general, Attribution is made to the original author but because AcaWiki entries may have many contributors, we only require that attribution be made by linking back to AcaWiki, where individual contributors can be tracked.

Also read [[AcaWiki:Copyrights| the copyright page]].

==How do I enter and edit wiki entries?==

There's a good tutorial on the [[AcaWiki:How_to_edit|how to edit]] page.

==Who is running this project?==

AcaWiki is run by AcaWiki Inc., a 501(c)(3) non profit corporation incorporated in California, U.S.A. The project is grateful to have a seed grant from the Hewlett Foundation to get off the ground. AcaWiki was founded by [mailto:neeru@acawiki.org| Neeru Paharia]. A small group of volunteers is working on the project, including [http://jodischneider.com/jodi.html| Jodi Schneider], [http://mako.cc/| Mako Hill], and others. Also, [http://chris.raysend.com/ Christopher Adams] and [http://rejon.org/ Jon Phillips] from [http://fabricatorz.com/ Fabricatorz] are growing the project actively and accelerating development issues. (Feel free to add your name here!)

==What stage is the project in now?==

AcaWiki has just launched! We're welcoming summaries of academic research. We would also love your feedback so we can improve the site.

==Why are you doing this?==

We believe that if cutting-edge academic research can more easily filter into education, business, and society in general, that we all benefit.

==How can I get in touch with you?==

There are lots of ways to [[AcaWiki:Communications|get in touch]], or you can email
[mailto:admin@acawiki.org admin@acawiki.org]. We'd love to hear your feedback!

== Do you have an infrequently asked questions page? ==

Yes, yes, we do: [[AcaWiki:Infrequently_Asked_Questions]]

Template:Infobox bibdata

2011-05-20T21:40:31Z

Reid: moved User:Reid/Template:Bibinfo to Template:Infobox bibdata

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User:Reid/Format experiments

2011-05-20T21:39:29Z

Reid:

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2011-05-20T21:37:48Z

Reid:

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2011-05-20T21:34:24Z

Reid:

foobar

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2011-05-20T21:31:17Z

Reid: 1 revision: try 2 with changed name

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Template:!

2011-05-20T21:28:35Z

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User:Reid

2011-05-20T21:19:52Z

Reid: /* Subpages */

{{User
|name=Reid Priedhorsky
|location=Cambridge, MA, USA
}}
Reid Priedhorsky is a research staff member at IBM T.J. Watson Research Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA and holds a Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Minnesota. As a researcher focusing on collaborative and social computing, the principle which motivates him is sustainability - he works to empower communities to make better decisions in pursuit of a more sustainable future. He does this by building new tools for creating and communicating knowledge, with a special focus on open content and mass collaboration techniques such as wikis.

In his spare time, he enjoys reading, bicycling, photography, hiking (especially in the mountains and deserts of the American West), tinkering and building things, and general hacking and programming.

(IBM lawyers want him to add: He speaks for himself, not the company.)

== Subpages ==

* [[User:Reid/CHI 2011 GeoHCI]]
* [[User:Reid/Format experiments]]
* [[User:Reid/Template:Bibinfo]]

AcaWiki talk:Sentence case titles

2011-05-20T21:16:31Z

Reid: /* Titles aren't always unique */ new section

This sounds good to me. As far as implementation goes, I think linking to the policy and resolving by hand is suboptimal. But I think that's fine to start with! [[User:Jodi.a.schneider|Jodi.a.schneider]] 13:11, 23 June 2010 (UTC)

==Questions==
What about when things are titles/proper names but it's not obvious? Examples:
* Semantic Web (often capitalized as a proper name phrase, and in the field there's a distinction often made between "capital" SW and "lowercase" sw)
* Questions, Options, Criteria (name of software and technique).
[[User:Jodi.a.schneider|Jodi.a.schneider]] 09:33, 29 June 2010 (UTC)

== Titles aren't always unique ==

There do exist different articles that share the same title. For example, there is both a journal article and a conference article by the title "Using Social Psychology to Motivate Contributions to Online Communities". --[[User:Reid|Reid]] 21:16, 20 May 2011 (UTC)

User:Reid/Format experiments

2011-05-20T20:47:39Z

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foo

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{{User}}
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Reid: /* Subpages */

User:Reid

2011-05-20T20:46:52Z

Reid:

{{User
|name=Reid Priedhorsky
|location=Cambridge, MA, USA
}}
Reid Priedhorsky is a research staff member at IBM T.J. Watson Research Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA and holds a Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Minnesota. As a researcher focusing on collaborative and social computing, the principle which motivates him is sustainability - he works to empower communities to make better decisions in pursuit of a more sustainable future. He does this by building new tools for creating and communicating knowledge, with a special focus on open content and mass collaboration techniques such as wikis.

In his spare time, he enjoys reading, bicycling, photography, hiking (especially in the mountains and deserts of the American West), tinkering and building things, and general hacking and programming.

(IBM lawyers want him to add: He speaks for himself, not the company.)

== Subpages ==

[[User:Reid/CHI 2011 GeoHCI]]
[[User:Reid/Format experiments]]

Discourse-marking of concession and contrast in asynchronous online discussion

2011-05-17T19:07:47Z

Reid: preview destroyed text, wtf?

{{Summary
|title=Discourse-marking of concession and contrast in asynchronous online discussion
|authors=Diane M. Lewis
|url=http://sws.bu.edu/bfraser/CDM%20Papers/Lewis%20-%20DM%20of%20Concession....doc
|tags=pragmatics, linguistics, discourse-markers, concession, contrast, discourse analysis, CMC, online communication, online journalism, discussions, online argumentation, political discourse, online news
|summary=This linguistics conference paper discusses the concession markers "of course" and "bien sûr", contrasting their use in online forums and political speeches. Specifically, the online corpus comes from two UK (The Financial Times and The Guardian) and two French periodicals (Le Monde and Le Nouvel Observateur). (See Table 1). (Further usage data from UK conversations and periodicals is also presented from Lewis 2003, [[Rhetorical motivations for the emergence of discourse particles, with special reference to English of course]], but equivalent French data is not available.)

There are six regular uses of "of course" and "bien sûr":
# emphatic affirmation or denial
# hedging
# backgrounding
# introducing a sub-topic
# concession marking
# irony/disapproval (to distance the speaker from the proposition).

Irony is absent from political speeches but accounts for 15% of the use online, where irony, sarcasm, and mockery are acceptable argumentation strategies, and the discourse markers "of course" and "bien sûr" are used to discount the position.

Concession is the most common use (37%) in UK political speeches yet this use "of course" is comparatively rare (21%) in English online. In French, the percentages (35% in political speeches, 34% online) are similar, but the concessions use more straightforward constructions. In political speeches, concession is structural, setting up a contrast which discounts a satellite idea while emphasizing (e.g. following 'but' or 'mais') a nuclear idea. (See Table 6 for a typical concession construction.)

The author notes that "of course" is used more frequently in online forums than in political speeches and that it is "bleached: 39% of the time it is a relevance hedge providing little extra information. "Bien sûr", on the other hand, is most common (34%) in online forums as a concession device, which the author likens to an information-structuring role because of the tightly-structured concessions; further, French has alternatives in "certes" and "il est/c'est vrai (que)".

==Discussion Forums==
The corpus used is online discussion forums, enabling the author to make several interesting observations about this conversational, written genre.

First, she observes that messages are like both "conversational turns" (see e.g. Ferrara, K., Brunner, H., & Whittemore, G. (1991). [Interactive written discourse as an emergent register]. Written communication, 8(1), 8.) and "scripted monological speeches".

She presents two examples. First, a forum discussion from Le Monde is analyzed from the perspective of coherence, turntaking, agreement/disagreement. She considers the first 19 messages and first indexes these messages by participant (see Table 3). Table 4 indicates which message is answered, the subject line (abbreviated A-K, with e.g. Re A, J disagreement, etc), and the opening idea. Table 5 indicates the Message openings which react--either through quoting, stating disagreement or partial agreement.

Second, she presents a Guardian-Unlimited discussion illustrating topic decay as well as how one-to-many conversations on a topic "can turn into a set of overlapping dyadic 'conversations' (which apparently happens offline as well, per [Zimmerman, D.H. and Boden, D. (1991). '[[Structure in action: an introduction]]'. In D. Boden and D.H. Zimmerman (eds) Talk and Social Structure: Studies in Ethnomethodology and Conversation Analysis. Cambridge: Polity Press, 3-21.) Such dyadic conversations use more dialogic language (with more interpersonal references, modal and attitudinal markers (see Yates, S.J. (1996) '[[Oral and written linguistic aspects of computer conferencing: a corpus-based study]]'. In Herring, S. (ed.) (1996) [[Computer-mediated communication. Linguistic, social and cross-cultural perspectives.]] Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 29-46.

"The dislocation of turn-taking and the jumbling of several 'conversations', far from deterring participants, can speed up the discussion." She finds evidence of "multiple intertwined dyadic conversations", indicated through the use of names (see Werry, C.C. (1996) '[[Linguistic and interactional features of Internet Relay Chat]]'. In Herring, S. (ed.) (1996) [[Computer-mediated communication. Linguistic, social and cross-cultural perspectives.]] Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 47-63.), exact quotes (e.g. see Mondada, L. (1999) '[[Formes de séquentialité dans les courriels et les forums de discussion. Une approche conversationnelle de l'interaction sur Internet]]'. Apprentissage des Langues et Systèmes d'Information et de Communication vol. 2, no. 1, 3-25.), and the tendency to send "several consecutive messages each directed at a different participant".

In contrast to the Herring's 'basic electronic message schema' (link to an earlier message, express views, appeal to other participants) (from page 91 of Herring, S.C. (1996) '[[Two variants of an electronic message schema]]'. In Herring, S.C. (ed.) [[Computer-mediated communication. Linguistic, social and cross-cultural perspectives.]] Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 81-106), the author finds no uniformity in message length, language style, structure, or topic, and few appeals to other participants.

The main message structure is [reaction] + position + evidence. Reactions are often coded in discourse mesages such as oh, yes, exactly, so, well, but, ok, yep, and, actually, of course, erm, anyway. Within political forums, the general position statement is often backed up by one or more supporting statements and argumentation. Here is an example supplied from an FT.com Globalization discussion:

"In globalisation, ideas of democracy are a major cause of division.
For example, a five-page essay last year on Taiwan told us ... "

Coherent sequences found in the argumentation sections include "question + answer", "concession and counterargument", "claim + evidence", "denial + correction or account". These tend towards either dialogic (e.g. Q&A) or monologic argument, though they can appear in both contexts. Examples of each are presented.

The author believes that material influences such as screen size and transmission speed are less important than "social and economic factors that new technologies are given rise to".

==Future Work==
Longtitudinal studies of CMC could start to address other linguistics-oriented questions like:
* "How quickly do new online discourse communities establish their own styles and conventions?"
* "What kind of dialect levelling takes place and how?"
* "How do discourse practices circulate online among different communities?"

This paper is likely among the first to address online argumentation, yet does not present suggestions for future work in that area.

==Context of this Conference Paper==
This was presented at a panel on 'Different approaches to spoken interaction' organized by Anna-Brita Stenström and Karin Aijmer, citation from [http://perso.univ-lyon2.fr/~dlewis/ccaod.htm author]

An updated journal article is based on this paper; see Lewis, D. M. (2005). [[Arguing in English and French asynchronous online discussion]]. Journal of Pragmatics, 37(11), 1801-1818. doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2005.02.014

===Other related work on genre analysis/linguistics in new media, connectives, and discourse pragmatics===
The author's dissertation was about discourse connectives: Diana LEWIS. [Some emergent discourse connectives in English: Grammaticalization via rhetorical patterns]. (U. Oxford, 2000).

(Following selected from citations on [http://perso.univ-lyon2.fr/~dlewis/Publ.htm her publication page]):

* 2007. '[[From temporal to contrastive and causal: the emergence of connective after all]]'. In Agnès Celle and Ruth Huart (eds) Connectives as discourse landmarks, 89-99. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
* 2006. '[[Contrastive analysis of adversative relational markers using comparable corpora]]'. In K. Aijmer and A.-M. Simon-Vandenbergen (eds) Pragmatic Markers in Contrast, 139-153. Oxford: Elsevier.
* 2006. '[[Discourse particle: A discourse-pragmatic category]]'. In K. Fischer (ed.) Approaches to Discourse Particles, 43-60. Oxford: Elsevier.
* 2005. '[[Mapping adversative coherence relations in English and French]]'. Languages in Contrast 5(1), 33-48.
* 2005. '[[Corpus comparables et analyse contrastive: L'apport d'un corpus français/anglais de discours politiques à l'analyse des connecteurs adversatifs]]'. In G. Williams (ed.) La Linguistique de corpus, 179-190. Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes. Abstract
* 2003. '[[Rhetorical motivations for the emergence of discourse particles, with special reference to English of course]]'. In Ton van der Wouden, Ad Foolen and Piet Van de Craen (eds.) Particles (Belgian Journal of Linguistics vol. 16), 79-91. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. [Abstract]
* 2003. '[[Online news: a new genre?]]' In J. Aitchison and D.M. Lewis (eds.) New Media Language, 95-104. London: Routledge.
|relevance=Among the first linguistics studies of online argumentation. Important for considering coherence and rhetorical markers. The variant uses (and divergent semantics) of even simple terms like "of course" provides a caution against simple keyword-based indexing of online argumentation.

Further details on methodology would have been helpful for future researchers.

}}

Discourse-marking of concession and contrast in asynchronous online discussion

2011-05-17T19:04:34Z

Reid: Replaced content with "{{Summary |title=Discourse-Marking of Concession and Contrast in Asynchronous Online Discussion |authors=Diane M. Lewis |url=http://sws.bu.edu/bfraser/CDM%20Papers/Lewis%20-%..."

{{Summary
|title=Discourse-Marking of Concession and Contrast in Asynchronous Online Discussion
|authors=Diane M. Lewis
|url=http://sws.bu.edu/bfraser/CDM%20Papers/Lewis%20-%20DM%20of%20Concession....doc
|tags=pragmatics, linguistics, discourse-markers, concession, contrast, discourse analysis, CMC, online communication, online journalism, discussions, online argumentation, political discourse, online news
}}

User:Reid/CHI 2011 GeoHCI

2011-04-29T16:15:13Z

Reid:

'''This page is a list of publications relevant to the CHI 2011 SIG meeting on Geographic HCI.'''

FIXME: Do we want ''all'' relevant pubs, or just the "important" ones?


<ul>

<li>Reid Priedhorsky, Benjamin Jordan, Loren Terveen. "How a Personalized Geowiki Can Help Bicyclists Share Information More Effectively". Short paper. In ''Proc. WikiSym 2007''. [http://reidster.net/pubs/wiki09s-priedhorsky.pdf PDF], [http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1296951.1296962 ACM master].

<li>Reid Priedhorsky and Loren Terveen. "The
Computational Geowiki: What, Why, and How". In ''Proc. CSCW 2008''. [http://reidster.net/pubs/fp335-priedhorsky.pdf PDF], [http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1460563.1460606 ACM master].

<li>Reid Priedhorsky, Mikhil Masli, and Loren Terveen. "Eliciting and Focusing Geographic Volunteer Work". In ''Proc. CSCW 2010''. [http://reidster.net/pubs/fp506-priedhorsky-nogt.pdf PDF], [http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1718918.1718931 ACM master].

<li>Fernando Torre, S. Andrew Sheppard, Reid Priedhorsky, Loren Terveen. "bumpy, caution with merging: An Exploration of Tagging in a Geowiki". In ''Proc. GROUP 2010''. [http://reidster.net/pubs/grp210p-torre.pdf PDF], [http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1880071.1880097 ACM master].

</ol>
{{User}}

User:Reid/CHI 2011 GeoHCI

2011-04-29T16:13:08Z

Reid:

{{User}}
'''This page is a list of publications relevant to the CHI 2011 SIG meeting on Geographic HCI.'''

FIXME: Do we want ''all'' relevant pubs, or just the "important" ones?



<ul>

<li>Reid Priedhorsky, Benjamin Jordan, Loren Terveen. "How a Personalized Geowiki Can Help Bicyclists Share Information More Effectively". Short paper. In ''Proc. WikiSym 2007''. [http://reidster.net/pubs/wiki09s-priedhorsky.pdf PDF], [http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1296951.1296962 ACM master].

<li>Reid Priedhorsky and Loren Terveen. "The
Computational Geowiki: What, Why, and How". In ''Proc. CSCW 2008''. [http://reidster.net/pubs/fp335-priedhorsky.pdf PDF], [http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1460563.1460606 ACM master].

<li>Reid Priedhorsky, Mikhil Masli, and Loren Terveen. "Eliciting and Focusing Geographic Volunteer Work". In
''Proc. CSCW 2010''. [http://reidster.net/pubs/fp506-priedhorsky-nogt.pdf PDF], [http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1718918.1718931 ACM master].

<li>Fernando Torre, S. Andrew Sheppard, Reid
Priedhorsky</strong>, Loren Terveen. "bumpy, caution with merging: An Exploration of Tagging in a Geowiki". In ''Proc. GROUP 2010''. [http://reidster.net/pubs/grp210p-torre.pdf PDF], [http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1880071.1880097 ACM master].

</ol>

User:Reid/CHI 2011 GeoHCI

2011-04-29T16:01:32Z

Reid: Created page with "This page is a list of publications relevant to the CHI 2011 SIG meeting on Geographic HCI."

This page is a list of publications relevant to the CHI 2011 SIG meeting on Geographic HCI.

User:Reid

2011-04-29T16:00:23Z

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User:Reid

2011-04-28T18:51:10Z

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User:Reid

2011-04-28T18:50:29Z

Reid: Created page with "{{User |name=Reid Priedhorsky }} Reid Priedhorsky is a research staff member at IBM T.J. Watson Research Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA and holds a Ph.D. in computer sci..."

{{User
|name=Reid Priedhorsky
}}
Reid Priedhorsky is a research staff member at IBM T.J. Watson Research Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA and holds a Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Minnesota. As a researcher focusing on collaborative and social computing, the principle which motivates him is sustainability - he works to empower communities to make better decisions in pursuit of a more sustainable future. He does this by building new tools for creating and communicating knowledge, with a special focus on open content and mass collaboration techniques such as wikis.

In his spare time, he enjoys reading, bicycling, photography, hiking (especially in the mountains and deserts of the American West), tinkering and building things, and general hacking and programming.

(IBM lawyers want him to add: He speaks for himself, not the company.)